Dependency Tree Semantics
contact persons:
Leonardo Lesmo - lesmo@di.unito.it;
Livio Robaldo - robaldo@di.unito.it
Papers and example sentences
From this page, you can download some files describing the various
readings of some NL sentences including quantifiers.
The paper which introduces DTS is currently submitted for publication, but
you can download it from here (doc).
In each file, you can find a list of readings. For each of them,
there is:
- The DTS representation
- An internal encoding of the representation (enclosed in
a rectangle)
- The Predicate Calculus formula
- An example model
The internal encoding is obtained by labelling the nodes of
the trees according to the following rules:
- The root (context) has label 0.
- For each node, if the parent has label L, then the first
daughter has label L*0, the second one L*1, and so on, where * denotes
concatenation
In the table below, we report. for the sake of example, the five
readings of the sentence
"Two students studied all theorems of all theories"
The line referring to Reading 1 can be read as:
- There are three arcs (three columns)
- The one exiting from "two" (second column label: 00) enters
the context (second column of 'Reading1' line: 0)
- The one exiting from "all" [theorems] (third column label:
01) enters the context (third column of 'Reading1' line: 0)
- The one exiting from "all" [theories] (fourth column label:
010) enters the context (fourth column of 'Reading1' line: 0)
|
00
|
01
|
010
|
Reading 1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Reading 2
|
0
|
010
|
0
|
Reading 3
|
01
|
0
|
0
|
Reading 4
|
01
|
010
|
0
|
Reading 5
|
010
|
010
|
0
|
DTS for sentences including two quantifiers
- Two students studied three theorems
- Two students studied all theorems
- All students studied three
theorems
- All students studied all
theorems
- A student studied three theorems
DTS for sentences including three quantifiers
- Two students studied three
theorems of four theories
- Two students studied
three theorems of all theories
- Two students studied
all theorems of four theories
- Two students studied
all theorems of all theories
- All students studied
three theorems of four theories
- All students studied
three theorems of all theories
- All students studied
all theorems of four theories
- All students studied
all theorems of all theories
- Two politicians
spied on someone from every city